Individual performance measurement and appraisal systems (PAS) have traditionally oscillated between an administrative and a developmental orientation. These two approaches are influenced by organizational trends, hiring policies, economic trends, and contextual developments. In Italy, where PAS have traditionally been characterized by a predominantly administrative orientation, recent guidelines promote a developmental approach in an effort to address the lack of know-how in the public sector. However, studies reveal a persistent gap between these aspirations and actual practice, highlighting the need for better alignment between assessment outcomes and training opportunities.