The 2030 Agenda represents a great opportunity for transformation starting from the principle of "sustainable development." It is the occasion to review the economic model we have used over the last 40 years and move on to a more advanced form of capitalism, that respects both the environment and social and intergenerational justice. Redefining the value chains of all production sectors in sustainable terms is essential for the future of business. There are three decisive ingredients needed for this to happen: political will, the evolution of trade associations, and the extension of non-financial reporting to smaller enterprises. On the issue of sustainability, there is extraordinary ferment in the finance sector, and there are many instruments usable by the ECB and other central banks (social bonds, green bonds, the use of ESG also in monetary policy operations, etc.).