The concept of space economy indicates all of the activities that imply the commercial use of space technologies, whether they are inside or outside of Earth’s orbit. The space sector, which has long been dominated by the presence of public institutions, is now increasingly affected by private initiatives and has seen a doubling of turnover in the last fifteen years. The prospects for additional growth in the next decade will be strongly linked to commercial activities. The management of space debris, increased by the growth in launch traffic to low Earth orbit, and the exploration of outer space (the Moon and other planets) will be among the main challenges in the sector in the coming years. A growing demand for services, the entry of new actors, the birth of new business models, the increase of private financing, the reduction of costs resulting from technological progress, innovation and new formulas of collaboration between private actors and public institutions are the main trends that can currently be observed in the sector of the space economy.