From the “horizontal frontier” to the “vertical frontier”: american geoeconomics goes into orbit
In the European public debate, when space is discussed, the tone often still oscillates between the epic of conquest and the rhetoric of scientific cooperation. In the United States, by contrast, space has become something far more prosaic and, at the same time, far more strategic: a natural extension of industrial policy and national economic security. At the beginning of 2026, the question of whether the American geoeconomic shift is moving upward—toward the “vertical frontier”—has an unequivocal answer: yes. With the Executive Order “Ensuring American Space Superiority,” signed ...