This article analyzes the critical issue of wealth distribution and its importance in addressing contemporary challenges, including economic growth, innovation, and energy transition. It highlights the disparity in financial development and investment between the European Union and the United States, emphasizing Europe's need to diversify financing and link financial resources to productive investment. The Capital Markets Union (CMU) initiative is presented as a strategic response aimed at developing an integrated EU financial market to support European businesses, provide investment opportunities, and enhance economic resilience and growth. The analysis also considers the strategic importance of company size, the role of banks, and the need for a unified European financial and industrial policy to ensure Europe's competitive position on the global stage.