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Age Management A Necessary Choice
The debate on managing the aging of the population has focused on the promotion of work in old age and the lengthening of careers. The result has been active labor policies aimed at the segment of workers close to retirement, to support their employability. Age management is defined as the sum of "measures that combat age barriers and/or promote age diversity and are oriented towards favoring maintenance ...
Migration Flows on the African Continent
Of the 27 million African migrants who moved from their own countries to another in 2017, only 8 million settled outside of Africa: in Europe, but above all in the countries of the Persian Gulf and North America. The underlying reasons for African migration are to be sought in the asymmetries between expectations (of individuals and the community) and means (distribution of information and resources), ...
Cobalt: Blue Gold in the Energy Transition
In 2020, the global demand for cobalt should exceed 120,000 tons; globally, 71 percent of this mineral is extracted in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The ethical problems linked to the exploitation of adults and children in the cobalt production process pose urgent moral and image questions for technology multinationals and the large producers of electric automobiles, that risk alienating a growing ...
Women and Energy as Drivers of Development
African women represent over 50 percent of the African population but contribute to generating only 33 percent of the continent's collective GDP. This is because they are mostly employed in the informal sector, in low-income work with very few protections and prospects for professional growth. In Africa, approximately 600 million people currently lack access to electricity and over 70 percent of the ...