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Sandro Castaldo

Trust, the hidden architecture of the economy

In an era marked by growing geopolitical instability, accelerated technological transformation, and economic volatility, it is not surprising that the word “trust” was one of the most discussed terms of 2025. When Italy’s most authoritative encyclopedia—Treccani—named it Word of the Year, the choice was less symbolic than it might have seemed. Indeed, today trust is one of the most telling ...

Marc Herlant

Preparing the enterprise for AI: a practical guide for managers

The successful integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a transformative journey that requires strategic foresight, committed leadership, and a human-centric approach. Based on the insights from the preceding report, the following recommendations provide a general roadmap for organizations to navigate the complexities of AI adoption across short, medium, and long-term horizons. These actions ...

Alberto Macciani, Edoardo Ares Tettamanti

Demand creation: how to turn latent needs into attractive markets

In today’s world, which is often dominated by mature markets, one of the most fascinating themes in contemporary marketing is demand creation. Traditional marketing strategies have long focused on identifying and capturing existing demand: a need was identified, a product or service was developed to meet it and, finally, communicated to consumers through targeted campaigns designed to win them over. ...

Emanuele Acconciamessa

How AI is redefining customer loyalty in retail

The retail sector is undergoing a historic phase characterized by structural fragility that can no longer be attributed solely to temporary shocks or easy-to-interpret economic cycles. Unlike past crises, which companies could tackle with short-term strategies or limited corrective measures, the persistent instability we are seeing today is profoundly mutating market mechanisms and consumer behavior. ...

Maurizio Dallocchio

The systemic risks of financial concentration

For many years, concentration was portrayed almost exclusively as a sign of success. The most efficient companies grow, acquire competitors, and attract capital and talent, while markets reward those that achieve the scale needed to innovate. All of this is true. But beyond a certain point, scale no longer generates efficiency alone; it also creates dependence. When debt, savings, technology, and ...

From the platform economy to the ecosystem economy: how AI is rewriting global competition

Amazon, Alibaba, Apple and Google are the champions of the platform economy. But a new frontier is emerging: the ecosystem economy. Unlike a platform, which has a clearly defined center and a dominant player that controls the rules of the game, an ecosystem is a networked set of relationships in which multiple companies, organizations and communities collaborate. There is no longer a single infrastructure ...