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Nationalizations and Privatizations from a Historical Perspective
In Italy, the mixture between public and private has been an unavoidable characteristic in the nation's path of economic modernization. Between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, state initiative gave concrete form to the unification of the country, providing indispensible infrastructure. The companies in the IRI group were then the protagonists of the "economic miracle," in which the attitude ...
Banks and Markets: Why They are Tools of Economic Policy
Markets and financial investments play a decisive role in favoring growth, that economic policy choices must permanently encourage. First of all, it is necessary to promote the use of the financial market and investor interventions (private equity, venture capital, PIR, ELTIF) in support of business equity.#Any public interventions in the economy must always have an explicit timeframe and a logic ...
The Bumpy Road of the Exit from the Mixed Economy
The divestment of the companies held by IRI did not require any additional intervention in terms of public finance, demonstrating their evident condition of good health. The privatizations were also driven by an essentially financial logic: the state sought high and immediate financial proceeds, but often without an in-depth evaluation of the quality of the buyers or the consequences of the divestments ...